The history of the Bible is a long story of composition, translation, and dissemination, beginning with texts written over centuries in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek, and preserved through careful manuscript copying in Jewish and early Christian communities. As Christianity spread across Europe, translations into vernacular languages became central to worship, teaching, and personal devotion, culminating in major printings after the invention of the movable-type press in the 15th century. One of the most influential English translations is the King James Version (KJV), first published in 1611 under the sponsorship of King James I of England. It was intended to unify the English Church and replace earlier versions like the Geneva and Bishops’ Bibles. The KJV is celebrated for its majestic language, literary quality, and enduring influence on English-speaking Christianity and literature.
Fore-edge paintings are a unique form of book art in which a scene or image is painted on the edges of a book’s pages on the fanned edge, so that the painting is invisible when the book is closed and only revealed when the pages are fanned. This decorative technique became popular in Europe from the 17th century onward, particularly in England, and was often used to personalize or embellish prized books. Bibles sometimes featured landscape scenes, biblical narratives, or symbolic imagery on their fore-edges, allowing readers to see a visual representation of sacred stories or places while keeping the text itself intact. Landscape paintings, in particular, were chosen to represent the area in which the book was printed or to evoke the settings of biblical events—such as the Garden of Eden, Jerusalem, or pastoral scenes associated with psalms—enhancing devotional engagement and turning the Bible into not only a spiritual guide but also an object of aesthetic beauty and craftsmanship.
